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F. J. KLlNGLER.

ROTARY INTERNAL comausnon ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14. I919.

Patented Dec; 9, 1919.

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ROTARY INTERNAL COMBUSIJON ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14. 1919.

1,324,506. Patented Dec. 9,1919.

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F. J. KLINGLER.

BOHRY INTERNAL COMBUSHON ENGINE.

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* UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. KLINGLER, OF SAGIN' AW, MICHIGAN.

ROTARY INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec, 9, 1919,

Application filed June 14, 1919. Serial No. 304,098.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. KLING- LER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Saginaw, Saginaw county, and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is declared to be a full, clear, and exact descriptlon.

This invention relates to rotary internal combustion engines, and its primary object is to dispense with the usual valves and operating mechanism therefor. Another object is to provide a rotary internal combustion engine in which the pistons are carried by a rotating member which is mountedupon the drive shaft, the cylinder or explosion chamber in which the explosions occur being Another object is to provide a rotary combustion engine with a rotating member, having a plurality of pistons therein, whereby several impulses may be had during each rotation of the drive shaft. lVith these and other objects and advantages in view this invention consists in the several novel features of construction and arrangement fully set forth in the following specification and )articularl Y defined in the claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is. a front elevation, partly broken away, of a rotary internal combustion engine, containing a simple embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail, enlarged section of fragment-s of the casing, piston carrier and two pistons, taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. l;

f Fig. i is a plan of a pair of pistons;

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 55 of Figs. land 3, and showing the parts laid out flat;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, but showing the parts in a different position;

Fig. 7 isan end view ofthe heads OTC-21111 shoes seenin Fig. 4E, and

Fig. 8 is a detail side elevation of one of said heads or cam shoes, and a certain abutment member.

Referring to said drawings, the reference character 10 designates a cylindrical casing, comprising a cylindrical wall 11, and heads 12. 13, bolted or otherwise secured thereto. On the head 12 is the explosion chamber 42.

Lugs or brackets 14 may be provided on the casing for able frame work or other support.

J ournaled in bearings on said casing is a main drive shaft 15, which has rigidly secured thereon a rotary piston carrier 16, or wheel for carrying the pistons 20, 21, said carrier 16, comprising an annular rim portion 17 connected to a. hub 18 by spokes 19. The contiguous faces of the rim portion 17 and head 12 are machined to fit perfectly, and ifdesired, packing rings 17 a may be interposed between said faces to prevent leakage of the explosive fluid at this place.

The rim portion 17 of the piston carrier 16 is bored transversely at a plurality of places to provide cylinders 20*, 21 for the reception of the pistons 20, 21. Keys 21 secured to the pistons and'running in keyways formed in the walls of the cylinders,

securing the motor to any suitprevent relative rotation between the pistons and carrier. The pistons 20 act to compress air in the cylinders 20, for the charges, and the pistons 21 receive the impulses from the exploded charges in the explosion chamber. The compression pistons 20 and explosion pistons 21 are arranged in pairs (see Fig. 4), and in the operation of the engine are reciprocated transversely of the piston carrier. In the form of the invention illustrated, the pistons have piston rods 22, 23, secured to them, which are provided upon their endswithheads or cam shoes 25, 26." Two'rotating cams, 27, 28, are employed for moving the pistons during the compression strokes, said cams acting against the outer faces of the'heads or cam shoes, that said heads or cam shoes pass the cams. The earns 27, 28, are rigidly secured upon a cam shaft 29 which is mounted in bearings 30, and has a beveled pinion 31 upon its end, which meshes with a fast upon the main drive shaft 15. tio of the gearing is such that theca1ns'27, 28, engage with the heads, or cam shoes of the piston rods as they pass the cams and move the pistons to the outer limits of their strokes. r

The cam 28 is set slightly in advance of the cam 27, and operates to project the eX .25, 26, during the intervals beveled gear wheel 32' The rainclined obli purpose of this construction and arrange ment is to prevent the compressed air from being forced past the explosion piston when being discharged from the compression cylinder into the explosion chamber. The ends of the cylinders 20 adjacent the explosion chamber are provided with heads 17 (see Fig. 2), in which are formed ports 17 that establish communication between the compression cylinders 20" and explosion chamber t2 when the ports 17" reach the open side of the explosion chamber, that is, the side adjacent the piston carrier. The arrangement of the compression piston 20 and its cam 27 is such that at the extreme end its compression stroke, the head oi the piston brought practically into contact with the face of the head 17 of the compression c dinder 20 thercby expelling all the air from the compression cylinder.

T 0 hold the pistons at the outer limits of their strokes, and to retract them, T provide circular cam tracks 33, 33 supported from the casing by brackets 3 which cam tracks cooperate with rollers 35, mounted on the piston rods, 22, 23. The cam tracks have abrupt angularly disposed cam portions 36 which cooperate with the cams 28, in moving the pistons to the outer mits of their strokes; portions 37, parallel with the wall 88 of the explosion chamber, inclined cam portions 39, parallel vith the oblique wall #10, and portions 41, parallel withthcwall12 of the casing. The parts 37 ot' the cam tracks act to hold the pistons at the outer limits of their strokes; the cam portions 39 21113 to retract the pistons, and the parts 4-1 of the cam tracks act to hold the pistons in retracted position until they reach the cam portions 36 and came 27, 28.

The cylinder or explosion chamber t2 is in the form or" an are or a circle concentric r th the main drive shaft 15, and it has an abrupt oblique end wall t and a gradually In the end tall 1 3 is i into which is screwed the flu e (not shown) and adjacent thereto is a sparl; plug 11-3 which is conrected to the ignition system in the usual manner by n echanism (not shown), and said niecl anism may be operated trim the main drive shaft for closing the circuit through the spark plug at the proper intervals to ignite the compressed charge in the explosion chamber. Air intalreports -16, are formed in the head 12 of the casing and may be connected by an arcuate air passage hf which may be in the nature oi groove rorined on the inner face of the head 12, and said inner ports and arcnate ir -iassage open to the comprescylinders through the ports 17 when P s along the arcuate groove. The port 47 is provided at the small end of the explosion chamber, as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 5. V

The explosion chamber may be substantially semi-circular in cross section and the end e901 the explosion piston isrounded off to fit the internal wall of said chamber 42. The working face of the explosion piston is beveled off at the same angle as the end wall of the explosion chamber. The pistons hare piston rings 51 to make tight joints with the walls of the cylinders and explosion chamber. The explosion chamber may be formed of separate part bolted or otherwise fastened to the casing.

VJhile the charges are being exploded, there is considerable end thrust imparted to the explosion pistons, and to resist such end thrust, T haveprovided an abutment member secured to the casing, along which the heads or cam shoes 26, run during the intervals that the explosion pistons travel in the explosion chamber. Said abutment member is solidly constructed and takes up the end thrusts of the explosion pistons. Preferably anti-friction rollers 53. are mountet in the heads or cam shoes 26, and roll along the abutment member.

The operation of the engine is as follows:

The piston carrier rotates in the directon of the arrow 00, in Figs. 1, 5 and 6, and carries the pistons past the air inlet ports and air passage, and through the arcuate explosion chamber. Except when passing through the explosion chamber, the pistons are held in retracted positions by the cam tracks, 33, 33, and such position is illustrated in Fig. 5. As each piston 20 passes the air inlet port 46, and the air passage 16, air enters the compression cylinder through the port 17 and after the port 17 of the cylinder 20 has passed the inlet port 4L6, the air is trapped in said cylinder, 20 between the head of the piston 20, and head 17 or the cylinder, and face of head 12 or the casing, covering the port 17 When the explosion piston 21 reaches the position seen in Fig. 5, the cam 28 is in position to engage the head or cam shoe 26 of the piston rod 23 and commences to move said head, and therewith the explosion piston 21, toward the wall 38 of the explosion chamber, and as the piston carrier continues to revolve, the cam 27 comes into contact with the head of the piston rod 22 and mores the compression piston toward the head 17 of the cylinder 20, thereby compressing the air confined in said cylinder. The throw of the cam 28 is suiiicient to bring the explosion piston into contact with the internal face of the wall 88 of the explosion chamber -12. Said explosion piston reaches the limit of its outer stroke, in position immediately behind the oblique Wall 43 of the explosion chamber '(see Fig; 6),

inder until the port 17 reaches and passes the adjacent edge of the oblique end wall 43, thereby establishing communication between the compression cylinder 20 and the explosion chamber 42, at which time the charge of explosive fluid is injected Lin-I der pressure through the port 44, and the circuit through the spark plug is closed,

whereby the charge is ignited between the oblique faces of the explosion piston and explosion chamber, and the explosion piston 21 is forced along the arcuate explosion chamber. As soon as the rollers 35 reach the oblique portions 39 of the cam track the pistons are retracted and the explosion chamber is opened, behind the explosion piston, to the outer atmosphere, through the discharge port 47. The succeeding explosion piston, in traveling through the explosion chamber, forces out any burnt charge that may remain in said explosion chamber.

Obviously, the number of pairs of pistons may be increased or diminished, as desired, and the number of explosion chambers and piston actuating means may be increased and disposed equidistant around the casing, and in this manner each explosion piston may be given several impulses during each cycle of rotation of the carrier. 7

No attempt has been made to illustrate cooling and oiling means, but the engine may be air cooled or water cooled, and oiled by any familiar means, as is found most satisfactory. I I i More or less variation of the exact details of construction is possible without departing from the spirit of this invention; I desire, therefore, not to limit myself to the exact form of the construction shown and described, but intend, in the following claims, to point out all of the invention disclosed herein.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a rotary internal combustion 'engine, the combination with a cylindrical casing having an arcuate explosion chamber thereon concentric with the axis of the casing, of a rotary piston carrier mounted in said casing, a compression piston and an explosion piston slidably mounted insaid carrier to reciprocate in lines parallel with the axis of the casing, and means for reciprocating said pistons to compress charges and to project the explosion piston into the explosion chamber, and to retract it therefrom.

2. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination. with a cylindrical casing having an arcuate explosion chamber thereonconcentric with the axis of the casing, of a rotary piston carrier journaled in said casing and being bored transversely for the reception of pistons, compression pis tons and explosion pistons arranged in pairs slidably mounted in said-bores, and means for reciprocating said pistons in said bores,

to compress the air and to projectfthe explosionpistons into the explosion chamber.

3. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination witha. cyllndrical casing having an arcuate explosion Clldllb ber concentric with the axis of the casing, said explosion chamber having an'oblique end wall, of a rotary pistoncarrier journaled in said casing, compression pistons and explosion pistons arranged in pairs and mounted to slide in said carrier, the explosion pistons having oblique working faces, and means for reciprocating said pistons in the carrier to compress the charges and to project the explosion pistons into the explosion chamber. 7

4. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combinatlon with a cylindrical casing having an 'arcuate explosion cham-v ber thereon, provided with an oblique end 'wall, of a rotary piston carrier journaled' in said casing and boredtransversely for the reception of pistons, compression pistons and explosion plstons arranged in pears and slidably mounted in said bores, said explo-l sion'pistons having oblique working faces, and means for reclprocatlngsaid pistons 1n the carrier to compress the charges and to sion chamber.

5. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylindrical casing having an arcuate explosion chamber thereon formed with an oblique [end wall, of a rotary piston carrier j ournaled in said casing, compression pistons and explof sion pistons mounted to reciprocate in said carrier, sald explosion pistons having obllque working faces and means for recipro- 'cating said pistons, including timing mechanism constructed and arranged to compress the'charges and project the explosion pistons into the explosion chamber;

-.6. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylindrical casing having an arcuate explosion chain project the explosion pistons into the explol her formed with an oblique end wall, of a drive shaft journaled in said casing, a rotary piston mounted on said drive shaft and bored transversely for the reception of pistons, compression pistons and explosion pistons sildably mounted in said bores, said explosion pistons having oblique working faces, said compression and explosion pistons being arranged in pairs and those of each pair moving in unison, and means for reciprocating said pistons to compress the charges and to project the explosion pistons into the explosion chamber.

7. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylindrical casing having an arcuate explosion chamber formed with an oblique end wall, of a main drive shaft journaled in said casing, a rotary piston carrier mounted on said drive shaft, compression pistons and explosion pistons arranged in pairs and slidably mounted '1 said carrier, the explosion pistons having oblique worxing face rods, one connected to the pistons of each pair, a cam shaft, cams thereon adapted to engage said piston rods to project said pis-' tons and gearing between said drive shaft and cam shaft.

8. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylindrical casing having an arcuate explosion chamber formed with an oblique endwall, of a main drive shaft journaled in said casing, a rotary piston carrier mounted on said shaft, compr ssion pistons and explosion pistons arranged in pairs and slidably mounted in said carrier, the explosion pistons being formed with oblique working faces, piston rods, one connected to each pair of pistons, and a circular cam track having cams for engaging said piston rods to reciprocate the pistons.

9. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a casing having an arcuate explosion chamber, of a rotary piston carrier journaled in said casing, concentrieally with said explosion chamber, and having transverse cylinders formed therein and arranged in pairs, explosion pistons and compr ssion pistons arranged in pairs and sliding in said cylinders, means for projecting said explosion pistons into said explosion chamber, means for advancing said compression pistons to compress air in the cylinders in which the compression pistons are mounted, said explosion piston operating means acting to completely project the explosion pistons to the limits of their strokes in advance of the movements of the compression pistons to the limits of their compression strokes, and means for retracting the pistons, the parts being timed to bring the compression cylinders into communication with the explosion chamber after the explosion pistons reach the limits or" their outward strokes.

10. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a casing having an arcuate explosion chamber. of a rotary piston carrier journaled in said casing, conpiston centrically with said explosion chamber, and having: transverse cylinders formed therein, and arranged in pairs, explosion pistons and compression pistons arranged in pairs and sliding in said cylinders, means for project ing said explosion pistons into said explo sion chamber, means for moving said compression pistons to compress air in the cylinders in which the compression pistons are mounted, said explosion piston operating means actingto completely move the explosion pistons to the limits of their strokes in advance oi the movements of the compression pistons to the limits of their compression strokes, and cam tracks "for retracting the pistons, the parts being timed to bring the compression cylinders into communication with the explosion chamber after explosion pistons reach the limits of their ontward strokes.

11. In a rotary internal combustion en gine, the combination with a casing, having an arcuate explosion chamber, of a rotary piston car journaled in said casing concentrically with said explosion chamber, and having transverse cylinders formed therein, and arranged in pairs, one cylinder of each pair being a compression cylinder and having a port adapted to be brought into comnninication with said explosion chamber, explosion. pistons and compression pistons in said cylinders, means for compressing air in said compression cylinders, and means for projecting the explosion pistons into the explosion chamber in advance of the final compression of the air in the compression cylinders.

12. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination with a casing having an arc ate explosion chamber, of a. rotary piston carrier journaled in said casing, concentrically with said explosion chamber, and having transverse bores formed there 7 in arranged in pairs, one bore of each pair forming a compression cylinder, and having a head provided with a port arranged to be brought into communication with the explosion chamber, explosion pistons and compression pistons in said cylinders, piston rods connected to said pistons, and cam shoes on said piston rods, a rotary cam shaft and a pair oi cams on said cam shaft, one cam acting on the cam shoe of the explosion piston and the other cam acting on the cam shoe of the compression piston, the first mentioned cam being set in advance of the other, and acting on the cam shoe of the explosion piston to project it into the explosion chamber in advance of the final com pression of the air in the compression cyl inder.

FREDERICK J. KLINGLER. 

